Hunhu uye Kugadziriswa kweCapacitor Kukuvadzwa paMabhodhi Edunhu
Kukuvadzwa kwecapacitor ndiyo yakajairika kukanganisa mumidziyo yemagetsi, ine electrolytic capacitors iri kunyanya kubatwa.
Capacitor kukuvara kunoratidza se: 1. Yakaderedzwa capacitance 2. Kurasikirwa kwakakwana kwe capacitance 3. Leakage; 4. Short circuit
Hunhu uye Kuzivikanwa kweResistor Damage
Vazhinji vanotanga vanowanzo netsekana nevanopikisa pavanenge vachigadzirisa mabhodhi edunhu, vachiabvisa uye kubatanidza zvisina basa. Nekudaro, kana iwe uchinge wanzwisisa hunhu hwekupikisa kukuvara, zvinova zvishoma zvakaoma.
Resistors ndiyo yakanyanya kuwanda mumidziyo yemagetsi, asi haisi iyo inonyanya kukuvara. Dunhu rakavhurika ndiyo yakajairika mhando yekurwisa kukuvara, nepo kuwedzera kwekupokana kuri kushoma, uye kuderera kwekupokana kuri kushoma. Mhando dzakajairika dzekupikisa dzinosanganisira kabhoni firimu resistors, simbi firimu resistors, waya ronda resistors, uye fusible resistors.
Iwe unogona kutanga nekuongorora yakaderera-value resistors pane redunhu bhodhi kune chero zviratidzo zvekutsva mavanga. Mazhinji maresitorendi akakuvadzwa angave akavhurika dunhu kana yakawedzera kupikisa kukosha, uye yakakwirira-kukosha resistors inonyanya kukuvara. Iwe unogona kushandisa multimeter kuyera zvakananga kushorwa kwe-high-value resistors pabhodhi redunhu. Kana kuyerwa kupikiswa kwakakura kupfuura kukosha kwezita, chinopikisa chinogona kukuvara. Ita shuwa yekumirira kuverenga kwekupokana kuti kudzikame usati watora mhedziso nekuti ma capacitor anoenderana neanopikisa anogona kuita yekuchaja kana kuburitsa. Kana kuyerwa kupikiswa kuri kushoma pane yezita kukosha, iwe kazhinji haufanire kuibhadhara zvakanyanya. Nekuyera ese anopikisa pane redunhu bhodhi nenzira iyi, haungatarise chero zvingangoitika nyaya, kunyangwe iwe ukakanganisa kuziva zvimwe.
Nzira dzekuongorora Hunhu hweKushanda Amplifiers (Op-Amps)
Operational amplifiers ine maitiro e'virtual short' uye 'virtual open,' ayo anobatsira zvakanyanya kana uchiongorora op-amp maseketi kune mutsara maapplication. Kuve nechokwadi chemutsara, op-amps inofanirwa kushanda nemhinduro (negative mhinduro). Pasina mhinduro, op-amp mukuvhurika-loop mashandiro anoita semuenzanisi. Kuti uone mamiriro emudziyo, tanga waona kana ichishandiswa seamplifier kana muenzanisi mudunhu.
Zvinoenderana nemusimboti weiyo pfupi pfupi, kana iyo yekushanda amplifier iri kushanda nemazvo, iyo voltage pane yayo isiri-inverting yekupinza uye inverting yekupinza materminal inofanirwa kuenzana, uye kunyangwe paine musiyano, iri mumillivolt renji. Ehe, mune mamwe epamusoro ekuisa impedance maseketi, kupikisa kwemukati kweiyo multimeter kunogona kuve nekuita zvishoma pane zviyero zvemagetsi, asi haifanirwe kudarika 0.2V. Kana iwe ukaona mutsauko unopfuura 0.5V, chiratidzo chakajeka chechakaipa chekushanda amplifier.
Kana chigadzirwa chacho chikashandiswa sechienzanisi, chinobvumirwa kuti zvisizvo zvisingapindiki uye zvigadziriswe zvigadziriswe kuti zvive nemagetsi asina kuenzana. Kana iyo isiri-inverting voltage yakakura kupfuura inverting voltage, iyo inobuda voltage inosvika kune yakanaka yepamusoro. Kana iwe ukaona mavheti asingateveri mutemo uyu, mudziyo unogona kunge wakanganisa.
Iyi nzira inokubvumira kuti uongorore mamiriro ekushanda amplifier pasina kushandisa nzira dzekutsiva kana kubvisa machipisi kubva kubhodhi redunhu.
1. Zano Rinobatsira Kuedza SMT Zvikamu zvine Multimeter
Zvimwe zvikamu zvetekinoroji yepamusoro-soro (SMT) zvidiki kwazvo, uye kuzviyedza neakajairwa multimeter probes zvinogona kunge zvisingaite uye zvinogona kuisa njodzi mapfupi maseketi kana kuomerwa nekuwana chikamu chesimbi chechikamu nekuda kwekuvharisa machira. Heino nzira iri nyore uye yakapusa yekuita kuti kuyedza kuve nyore.
Tora mbiri dzetsono diki dzekusonesa, dzisungirire zvakasimba kune yako multimeter probes, uye ipapo shandisa yakanaka waya yemhangura kubva kune akawanda-strand tambo kuchengetedza probes netsono pamwe chete nesolder. Iyi setup inokutendera kuti uedze zvikamu zveSMT zvine tsono-yakapinzwa probes pasina njodzi yemapfupi maseketi. Mazano etsono anogona kubaya machira anodzivirira uye anosvika kunzvimbo dzakakosha pasina chikonzero chekuabvisa.
2. Matambudziko Nzira dzeCircuit BoardCommon Power Short-Circuits
Paunenge uchigadzirisa mabhodhi edunhu ane akajairwa magetsi mapfupi-sekete kukanganisa, zvinogona kunetsa, kunyanya kana akawanda mazvikamu achigovana simba rimwechete sosi. Izvo zvikamu zvakawanda pabhodhi, zvinonyanya kunetsa kutsvaga nzvimbo pfupi-yedunhu uchishandisa 'kutsvaira' nzira. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, imwe nzira inoshanda inogona kukurudzirwa, kunyanya kuderedza nguva inodiwa kuti uone chikamu chinokanganisa.
Kuti ushandise nzira iyi, unoda inogadziriswa voltage uye ikozvino magetsi emagetsi ane voltage range ye 0-30V uye ikozvino ye0-3A. Magetsi akadaro haana kudhura zvakanyanya, anowanzo kutenderedza $300. Tanga nekuisa yakavhurika-circuit voltage kune chikamu chemagetsi ekupa voltage level. Zvadaro, shandura ikozvino kune hushoma hwayo uye isa iyi voltage kune magetsi emagetsi padunhu, zvakadai se5V uye 0V zviteshi zve74-series chips. Zvichienderana nekuoma kwechikamu chiduku, zvishoma nezvishoma wedzera ikozvino paunenge uchibata zvikamu neruoko rwako. Kana iwe uchinzwa kupisa kwakakosha kubva kune chimwe chikamu, ingangove ndiyo ine mhosva. Iwe unogona ipapo kuibvisa kuti uwedzere kuyerwa. Ita shuwa kuti haupfuure magetsi ekushanda kwechikamu, uye dzivirira reverse polarity kudzivirira kukanganisa kune zvimwe zvakanaka zvikamu.
Led Displ
3. Diki Eraser Kugadzirisa Matambudziko Makuru
Sezvo maindasitiri ekudzora masisitimu anoshandisa akawanda uye akawanda makadhi eplug-in, mazhinji acho anoshandisa goridhe-minwe yekubatanidza. Nzvimbo dzakakasharara dzemaindasitiri, senge huruva, hunyoro, uye magasi anoparadza, zvinogona kutungamira kumatambudziko ekusangana nemakadhi eplug-in. Kunyange zvazvo vamwe vangagadzirisa dambudziko racho nokutsiva kadhi rose, izvi zvinogona kudhura, kunyanya pamidziyo inobva kunze kwenyika. Pane kudaro, edza kushandisa rabha eraser. Geda zvinyoro zvigunwe zvegoridhe nechidzimiso kuti ubvise tsvina uye kusvibiswa, wozodzosera kadhi. Iyi nzira iri nyore inogona kunyatsoshanda.
Kuongorora Kukanganisa Kwemagetsi Kwenguva
Kukanganisa kwemagetsi kwepakati kunogona kuiswa mune akati wandei angangoitika mamiriro, kusanganisira:
4. Kubata Kwakashata
Kusangana kwakashata pakati pemakadhi-plug-in uye slots
Internal wire breaks dzinoshanda nguva nenguva
Kusangana kwakashata pakati pezvibatanidza waya nematerminals
Component solder majoini ayo asina kukwana akabatana
5. Kupindira kwechiratidzo
Mumaseketi edhijitari, mamiriro ekukanganisa anofanirwa kuvepo kuti dambudziko riratidze, izvo zvinogona kunge zvichikonzerwa nekukanganisa kwakanyanya kunokanganisa hurongwa hwekutonga. Neimwe nzira, zvimwe zvikamu kana ma paramita avo anogona kunge achinja, zvichikonzera kukanganisa.
Yakashata Kudzika Kwekupisa Kwezvikamu
Mukuita, electrolytic capacitors inowanzoonekwa iine hurombo hwekudziya kugadzikana. Zvimwe zvikamu, senge capacitor, transistors, diode, ICs, uye resistors, zvinogona zvakare kuratidza kupisa.
nyaya dzekugadzikana.
6. Hunyoro neguruva paDare Redunhu
Unyoro uye guruva zvinogona kuitisa magetsi, zvine resitive effect. Munguva yekuwedzera kwekupisa uye kudonhedza, kukosha kwekupokana kunogona kuchinja, kukanganisa maparamita edunhu uye kukonzera kukanganisa.
7. Software Kufunga
Software inodzora akawanda edunhu paramita. Kana muganho wemamwe ma paramita akaiswa pasi zvakanyanya uye mamiriro ekushanda emuchina achienderana nesoftware yekuda kukanganisa, alarm inogona kukonzerwa. "
Ndokumbira utarise kuti shandurudzo iyi dudziro yakakasharara yemavara akapihwa, uye mamwe mazwi ehunyanzvi anogona kusiyana zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu. Kana iwe uine chero mibvunzo chaiyo kana uchida imwe tsanangudzo, inzwa wakasununguka kubvunza.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-19-2023